O.L. Dronova. NEW URBANISM: IN SEARCH OF THE WAY OUT OF URBAN COLLAPSE

https://doi.org/10.15407/ugz2015.03.033
Ukr. geogr. z. 2015, N3:33-41
Language of publication: 
Ukrainian
Authors: 

O.L. Dronova - Institute of Geography of the Ukraine National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv.

Abstract: 

Most cities in different regions of the world feel the need to update the methodological approaches to their development directed to raising the quality of urban environment and improvement of the living conditions (better housing for low-income segments of the population and the elimination of slums, reducing crime in cities, improvement of technical and social infrastructure, etc.). Urban development approaches, leading to the number of extra-large cities growth and the urban space expansion (urban sprawl) needs a new direction to achieve the ultimate goal. An idea of creation and functioning of cities suitable for life, people friendly, regardless of their socio-economic status and physical condition is an attractive one. This idea can be realized through new urbanism, a socially oriented trend in city design, which focuses on quality of life in the urban environment. Principles of New Urbanism include compact and space savvy urban forms, versatility and diversity of planning and development, pedestrian access to the most important sites in the city and interconnected transport and pedestrian networks, high quality architecture and planning, based on traditions and culture of the region, sustainable development and energy efficiency, which in combination create an high quality environment and comfort for local residents. Examples of New Urbanism approaches implementation in urban development practices identified in the US, Canada and Europe. Taking in consideration the new Urban Manifesto (Strasbourg, 2008) the current trends of European cities development have been analyzed. It is noted that in Ukraine the desired urban development priorities of the country’s cities are not developed, urban spaces design is carried out mainly spontaneously and chaotically, and the concept of New Urbanism in the complex realities of today are not visible.

Key words: 
city, urbanized (urban) space, urban space proliferation, transit oriented cities development, new urbanism, the quality of the urban environment
Pages: 
33-41
References: 

1. Ammosov Yu. (2005). Return of the friendly city. Expert, 17 (464) of 9 May. [in Russian].
 
2. Denysenko O.O. (2012). Metropolisation processes: global aspect: monograph. Kyiv: Institute of Geography of the Ukraine NAS. [in Ukrainian].
 
3. The population of Ukraine. The imperatives of demographic aging. (2014). Kyiv: VD ADEF. Ukraine. [in Ukrainian].
 
4. Calthorpe P. (1993). The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. Princeton Architectural Press.  Social Science.
 
5. European Environment Agency. Urban sprawl in Europe: The ignored challenge. (2006). www.eea.europa.eu/.../eea_report_10_2006.pdf
 
6. European Urban Charter II Manifesto for a new urbanity. https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1302971
 
7. Jacobs J.  (1992). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York: Vintage Books, ISBN 0-679-74195-X. Originally published. – New York: Random House, 1961.
 
8. Mumford L. (1961). The City in History: Its Origins, Its Transformations, and Its Prospects, New York.
 
9. New Urbanism Congress Official Webside. https://www.cnu.org
 
10. Siedentop S.(2005). Urban Sprawl – verstehen, messen, steuern. DISP 160. Zurich. 23-35.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2005.10556903
 
11. Transit-Oriented Development (TOD): Canadian Case Studies. Research Highlight . Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Socio-economic Series 09-018, 2009. http://www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca/odpub/pdf/66627.pdf?fr=1437125363418
 
12. USA Environmental Protection Agency Official Webside. http://www2.epa.gov/smart-growth/
 
13. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision By Gerhard K. Heilig, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, New York, 2012. http://esa.un.org/wpp/ppt/CSIS/WUP_2011_CSIS_4.pdf